| 1 | Match the adhesive to the substrates | Epoxy | Metals, ceramics, glass, wood, and many rigid plastics | Structural assembly, electronic components, tooling, and equipment repair | Usually cures at room temperature; heat can accelerate curing. Two-part systems require accurate resin-to-hardener mixing. | Rigid after cure, so it may be less suitable for joints exposed to substantial movement or impact. |
| 2 | Consider the size and depth of the bond line | Polyurethane | Metals, wood, concrete, coated surfaces, and selected plastics | Large-area bonding, panels, construction components, and transportation interiors | Moisture-curing or two-part formulations are available; cure speed depends on moisture, temperature, and joint thickness. | Some grades may foam or expand, and long-term resistance to high temperatures can be lower than that of certain epoxies. |
| 3 | Check whether the joint must flex or absorb vibration | Silicone | Glass, ceramics, metals, many coated surfaces, and some plastics | Sealing and bonding in lighting, appliances, glazing, and assemblies exposed to movement | Most one-part grades cure with atmospheric moisture; cure rate is affected by humidity, temperature, and joint geometry. | Generally lower structural strength than rigid epoxies; some grades have limited paintability or adhesion to low-energy plastics. |
| 4 | Evaluate production speed and cure equipment | UV- or light-curing adhesive | Glass, transparent plastics, ceramics, and some metals when light can reach the bond area | Optical components, small assemblies, displays, and high-throughput manufacturing | Cures rapidly when exposed to the correct wavelength and sufficient light intensity. | Requires light access to the adhesive; shaded areas and opaque substrates may remain uncured unless the formulation includes a secondary cure mechanism. |
| 5 | Match cure behavior to the manufacturing process | Anaerobic adhesive | Close-fitting metal parts, especially threaded or cylindrical assemblies | Thread locking, retaining bearings, sealing pipe threads, and preventing metal-to-metal loosening | Cures in the absence of oxygen and in contact with active metal surfaces; activators may be needed for inactive metals or large gaps. | Not generally intended for open, porous, or large-gap bonds; performance depends strongly on joint fit and surface activity. |
| 6 | Assess surface energy and surface preparation | Cyanoacrylate | Many metals, rubber, ceramics, and selected plastics with close-fitting surfaces | Fast repairs, small components, wire tacking, and precise spot bonding | Moisture on the surface initiates rapid curing, often within seconds to minutes depending on the formulation and joint conditions. | Usually performs best in thin bond lines; can be brittle, may show whitening on some surfaces, and may have limited resistance to prolonged heat or moisture. |
| 7 | Verify environmental and safety requirements | Acrylic or methacrylate adhesive | Metals, composites, many plastics, and painted or coated substrates | Vehicle components, composite structures, outdoor assemblies, and applications needing impact resistance | Two-part systems typically cure at room temperature; some formulations tolerate less-than-perfect surface preparation. | Odor, flammability, exotherm, and surface compatibility vary by formulation; production areas may require ventilation and appropriate personal protective equipment. |